Old Photo: Originally Kaylor house on South Main Street in Arcanum. Was moved to South Locust. New Photo: Colored-Current home on South Locust of the North's.
Part three of National Historic Preservation Month series written by the Arcanum Wayne Trail Historical Society. Our week’s feature is the North home located at 306 South Locust Street in Arcanum. According to Doug and Connie North, the present owners, the home was purchased by them in 1998. Asbestos siding was removed and the original house number was discovered and then siding was installed as well as 20 windows, an upstairs bathroom, new kitchen, furnace and air conditioning. The wood work is painted and includes transoms. One of the features original to the home was an old fireplace that was found and exposed and converted to gas for present day use. Connie likes “old things” in decorating so this old house fits their style.
According to research by Bill Gunder and Anita Short this was known as the Kaylor house and sat on the east side of South Main immediately south of the Big Four railroad and was the location later of the Canning Factory. This would be today close to the Arcanum Hardware Store. By 1910, the C.C.C. & St. L. Railroad Company owned the former Kaylor Home and lot. While the Kaylors’ originally owned much of the property surrounding their home, most was gradually sold to the railroad, with the home finally also being sold to the railroad.
The Kaylor Home was moved from South Main to South Locust Street, south of the old NYC railroad bed and is the last house on the west side, in 1934, as recorded in the Arcanum Times. The North home is an example of rehabilitating or renovating your home to include modern conveniences while keeping the charming features of older homes.
As you’ll find out, historic home ownership brings with it a unique set of questions, decisions, and goals.
Let’s address one of the most basic questions first: Should you restore or rehabilitate your house? Your decision will influence the house’s finished character, the project cost, and the amount of time it takes. It will also impact how much of the work you take on yourself and how much you’ll hand off to professionals.
With this in mind, here are ten things to keep in mind to determine which approach will work best for you:
1. Identify the factors that will shape your decision. Deciding whether to restore or rehabilitate your house, and to what extent, involves understanding its history, architecture, and present condition of its materials, finishes, and systems. You should also consider your household’s lifestyle and what personal needs the finished house must accommodate. More broadly, local historic district designations, local building codes, property insurance and other regulatory or financial considerations will impact the path you take.
2. Review the house’s history. Who lived in the house and when? Did important events occur there? Did either (or both) scenarios have historical significance? If so, you could consider restoring the house to that period to help interpret its history.
3. Know what “restore” means. To restore a house means to return its interior and exterior appearance to a particular date or time period. Strict restorations -- ones that eliminate everything not present during the period chosen -- are rare for homes, with most owners opting to maintain modern systems (plumbing, anyone?) and sympathetically designed changes, such as later additions, that add to the house’s history.
4. Know what “rehabilitate” means. To rehabilitate a house means to make it useful and functional for contemporary living while preserving important historic and architectural features. For example, a rehabilitated old house would always include modern electrical, mechanical, and plumbing systems, a modern kitchen, and other attributes typical of present-day homes.
5. Choose your approach. The major difference between restoring and rehabilitating is to either exactly duplicate a particular period or concentrate on preserving a sense of the changes that have occurred over time. For example, if an Italianate-style house had lost its wood eave brackets, a restoration project would duplicate them in wood as they originally appeared, while a rehab project would add new brackets of a compatible design in an appropriate substitute material (ex. fiberglass).
6. Evaluate existing alterations. Consider the quality, design, materials, and craftsmanship of the original house as well as the changes that have occurred over time. Compatible interior and exterior changes of the same or better quality than the original house, even if done in different styles or materials, should probably be kept and restored. Conversely, you should probably remove any poorly designed or executed changes.
7. Design new additions and alterations with attention to detail. When adding to or altering your home, consider its scale (apparent size), actual dimension, and massing (proportion/balance). Use materials, textures, and colors similar to those of the original building.
8. Integrate modern touches with care and caution. The key to a quality rehabilitation is how well it accommodates modern technologies and living styles. Keep changes non-intrusive and compatible with the house’s design and style, and don’t let alterations destroy or cover historically or architecturally significant features or materials.
9. Take care not to falsify the history of the house. This might seem counter-intuitive, but you actually do want to be able to tell additions apart from the original. That way, the house’s history is visible and transparent. Also be careful not to design additions that make the house appear to date from an earlier or later period, or alter the house’s details to an extent that suggest a different architectural period.
10. Look to the experts. For a more detailed list of recommendations, check out the Secretary of Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties. This jam-packed resource from the National Park Service includes guidelines on preservation, rehabilitating, restoring, and reconstructing historic buildings.
There’s no right or wrong answer when it comes to determining whether you should restore or rehabilitate your historic home. Let your property, capabilities, and needs help guide your decision, and chances are you’ll arrive at an accurate, appropriate solution.
Information regarding restore or rehabilitate from the National Trust for Historic Preservation.